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Territory, Environment and Cultural Heritage<img alt="" src="http://webtest.cira.it/PublishingImages/scenario%20interoperabilita%204.jpg" style="BORDER:0px solid;" />https://www.cira.it/en/competences/territory-environment-and-cultural-heritage/Territory, Environment and Cultural HeritageTerritory, Environment and Cultural Heritage<p style="text-align:justify;">​Anthropogenic actions and climate change are changing over the years, the environment we live in. The institutions involved in the control of territory and national security are making many efforts to mitigate the negative consequences of such changes. Unfortunately, the balance of power is unequal and this becomes more and more important to use all technological knowledge available to increase the effectiveness of actions on the ground.<br></p><p style="text-align:justify;">The aerospace industry has many technologies that can be employed in the field of Earth observation and their use may prove crucial to improve management and control of the territory.</p><p style="text-align:justify;">The aim of this research is to produce strategic line innovation by transferring technology and expertise from the aerospace industry to land management, environmental protection, the preservation of cultural heritage.</p><p style="text-align:justify;">The technology transfer process is bidirectional. On the one hand, the aerospace skills are made available to these sectors, on the other this unit works to acquire skills on the issues covered by this research line. In addition, CIRA aims to strengthen the commitment to the development of systems and expertise in the field of remote sensing through Satellite Platforms, Stratospheric Platforms (in concert with the Italian Space Agency) and proximal remote sensing platforms (aircraft, helicopter and RPAS).</p><p style="text-align:justify;">The ultimate goal is to support public institutions (eg. Regions, Prosecutor's Office, Italian civil protection, etc.) to know and use these technologies these technologies to improve the quality of services to citizens and to help the Italian small and medium enterprises to be competitive by producing a scientific centers of excellence in Italy.</p><p style="text-align:justify;">With regard to applications developed in this area, are promoted agreements and collaborations with universities and public institutions, in order to interact immediately with the authorities for the control and land security improving the positive collaboration already in place.</p><p style="text-align:justify;">This unit has specific research activities related to meteorology and climate monitoring in order to make more effective land management and emergencies (particularly those related to hydrogeological and high impact weather events on society), using tools and capacity for observation of the atmosphere and weather forecast on the short term.</p><p style="text-align:justify;">For the development of activities in this area, this unit has a collaboration with the Italian Air Force with a mission to develop monitoring and prediction tools. Specifically, the CIRA collaborates with the "COSMO European Consortium " for the development of the national limited area operational model with the aims, in the coming years, to participate in the development of new generation numerical model providing accurate very local forecast (below the km and per hour).</p><p style="text-align:justify;">Systematization of observations available through different platforms, (remote and/or in situ), is designed to allow a detailed characterization of the local climate characteristics for areas of interest.</p><p><strong>Technology demonstrator for the interoperability between aerospace platforms and measurement sensors for territory monitoring.</strong></p><p>Development of demonstrators able to acquire, integrate and analyze remote sensing data, by different platforms and sensors (satellites, stratospheric platforms, aircraft / helicopters, small UAS, surface platforms). The aim is to provide innovative platforms and tools to support the issue of the resource territory monitoring.</p><p><strong>Applications of aerospace technologies for the monitoring of environmental critical assets and cultural heritage.</strong></p><p>Development of applications based on end-user requirements having the objective of demonstrating the applicability of the interoperability technologies, remote sensing and "proximal sensing" for the resolution of environmental and cultural heritage protection problems. </p><p><strong>Applications for climate monitoring and the environmental and cultural heritage protection</strong></p><p>Development of applications for a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the climate change effects and, more specifically of extreme weather events, on geo-hydrological hazards such as landslides, floods and hydrological drought. These applications will also include the possibility to study the impact of such geo-hydrological hazards on cultural heritage and, in general, on the existing infrastructure over the territory. Implementation of statistical techniques to remove the systematic error present in the atmospherical numerical models will be adopted to optimize the weather predictions over the monitored areas for different purposes such as energy supply.</p><p><strong>Meteorological application for flight safety.</strong></p><p>Definition of an integrated system supporting aviation for the monitoring and forecast (on different time range) of the main atmospherical parameters and of specific meteorological hazards. This system is based on the integration on data from different platforms. More specifically, this system has the objective to improve the weather awareness of the pilot, but also of the Decision Support System (DSS), permitting a better management in presence </p><ul><li>Interoperability among satellite, air and surface platforms, equipped with imaging sensors (electro-optical, hyperspectral, thermal and radar);</li><li>Innovative methods for processing, correlation and data fusion of remote sensing images acquired in proximal sensing (low attitude detection);</li><li>Remote and Proximal sensing monitoring techniques for the environmental parameters of interest.</li><li>Development of dynamical/statistical/stochastical downscaling models providing high resolution weather forecast and climate projections</li><li>Weather forecast</li><li>Monitoring and analysis of atmospheric phenomena</li><li>Optimization of the simulations results provided by numerical weather prediction model and regional climate models for their applications in specific applications (eg. Aviation)</li></ul>

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